With a broad social science perspective, the volume explores the contemporary challenges of transition in India and South Africa through history. The scholarly essays cover issues relating to migration and diasporic integration and indenture, referring to the colonial times as well as the later and contemporary periods. The book studies their long history of group-based identity movements organised against colonial and post-colonial states. It deals with the legacies of the Indian experiences of migration and diaspora in South Africa: how Indians in South Africa negotiate between the reconstructed notion of India and their existing present and future in South Africa of which they are citizens. It discusses the role of the two states in the global south as well as in the international arena especially in the fields of education and environment. It surveys the changing dimensions of Indo-South Africa ties especially in a globalising world.