An All India Co-ordinated Research Project on ‘Energy Requirements in Agricultural Sector’ was undertaken by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. Intensive studies were carried out under the said project on various aspects of energy use in production agriculture (for the period 1971-2002), with a view to capture the dynamic energy use patterns in the country and identify energy conservation techniques. These studies made use of primary data fro select major crops (wheat, paddy, sugarcane, maize and soybean) and some minor crops in different agro-climatic regions and have provided a wealth of information on spatial and temporal variations in energy use patterns. Present publication synthesizes the research outputs of the Project, besides providing a national perspective on energy use and management in India’s agricultural sector.