Sharing international boundaries with Myanmar and Bangladesh, Mizoram is a small hilly state of India located in its north east region. For administrative purpose, the State is divided into 8 districts and has a largely agrarian economy. Based on a field survey carried out in two select districts of the State, the present study tries to portray a comprehensive picture of poverty in Mizoram, reflecting particularly on indicators such as income and employment, consumption, health and sanitation, illiteracy, rural-urban migration, and general living conditions. The study also tries to assess the impact of government sponsored poverty alleviation programmes, besides identifying the causes and effects of poverty in the study area.